Sqlalchemy update primary key. on_conflict_do_update.

Sqlalchemy update primary key query(User). ; from sqlalchemy import Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company session. If you use bulk operations, for instance, updated_at won’t be triggered. See this Using on_duplicate_key_update() (MySQL-specific) Efficient and concise It provides a clean and efficient way to update existing rows when a duplicate primary key is encountered. The merge() method attempts to locate an existing object in the session based on the object's primary key. The documentation has a section discussing special cases of Many-to-Many relationships that includes a simple graph Node example using the ORM. Update the complete record: from sqlalchemy import update as sqlalchemy_update query = sqlalchemy_update(Evaluation). dict()) await db. Below, we delve into the specifics of implementing foreign keys in SQLAlchemy. In data definition language these are specified using phrases like “ON UPDATE CASCADE”, “ON DELETE CASCADE”, and “ON DELETE SET Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company One way from there: In SQLAlchemy ORM, to map to a specific table, there must be at least one column designated as the primary key column; multi-column composite primary keys are of course also perfectly possible. One of the key features that make SQLAlchemy so robust is 注意. query loop resets object __dict__. Passing the Update construct along with a list of parameter dictionaries which each include a full primary key value will invoke bulk UPDATE by primary key mode for the statement, generating the appropriate WHERE criteria to match each row by primary key, and using executemany to run each parameter set against the UPDATE statement: from sqlalchemy. When executemany is used, the CursorResult. SQLAlchemy Update row where session has gone out of scope. How do I get the last element of a list? Efficiently Handling Auto-Generated IDs with SQLAlchemy . (IntegrityError) (1062, "Duplicate entry '123' for key 'PRIMARY'") So of course is the primary key I was inserting was something like Duplicate entry is a cool thing then I suppose I could miss IntegrityError's which weren't actually because of duplicate primary keys. merge(o) checks if a row with the same primary key value exists by issuing a SELECT and, if true, it issues an UPDATE instead of INSERT. Project Setup (Assuming you have a basic Flask-SQLAlchemy project) Retrieve a specific row from the database using its primary key. values(**evaluation. py I'm starting a new application and looking at using an ORM -- in particular, SQLAlchemy. from sqlalchemy. SQLAlchemy core doesn't complain about missing primary key, so it's possible to create such table with Table(). Simulating limited ON UPDATE CASCADE without foreign key support¶. onupdate are invoked explicitly by SQLAlchemy when an INSERT or UPDATE statement occurs, typically rendered inline within the DML statement except in certain cases listed Though this question is quite old and the OP likely lost interest, it has an answer in the current 0. SQLAlchemy insert returning primary key with multiple values. ext. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company [SQL: 'UPDATE spider SET hash_id=%(hash_id)s'] [parameters: {'hash_id': 2122600700}] This is not true, as I have checked my database (only have 60 items) and I tried scraping items with different primary keys (hash_ids). You must first define the id column as the PRIMARY KEY and set it AUTO_INCREMENT. 本节将讨论 SQL 约束和索引。在 SQLAlchemy 中，关键类包括 ForeignKeyConstraint 和 Index 。. 使用 INSERT、UPDATE 和 ON CONFLICT（即 upsert）返回 ORM 对象¶. commit() not working Yes and No: No if you want to keep this database schema - SQLalchemy has no way to tell the objects apart if they cannot be IDentified - this is no primary key, at least not a complete one. merge/nullable primary keys - FlushError: Can't update table using NULL for primary key value #2820. Example: class Base: @declared_attr def __tablename__(cls): return f"{cls. I'm not familiar with sqlalchemy, but I do know this can be accomplished in MySQL. If you’re looking to increment login counts for users or simply adjust values within your database tables, it’s crucial to understand the best practices to do so. Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True) Or, since you are generating the code with sql directly, create the table with . 0 包含增强的功能，用于发出多种类型的支持 ORM 的 INSERT、UPDATE 和 upsert 语句。有关文档，请参阅支持 ORM 的 INSERT、UPDATE 和 DELETE 语句文档。有关 upsert，请参阅 ORM “upsert” 语句。 I am trying to cascade delete records from a table where the primary key is made up of two foreign keys pointing to two different tables. I tried to put auto_increment on "id" but it doesn't work. Commented out parts are there as an alternative way to setup primary key constraints. This blog post outlines the top five methods for efficiently updating records in a database using SQLAlchemy ORM, including practical code examples to illustrate each approach. orm You might be interested in I need to auto_increment a field in MySQL that is not primary key. If not found, it persists the given object as a new row. 0 How to stop SqlAlchemy from generating SQL that inserts or updates the primary key? 303 Difference between primary key and unique key. commit in Session. New in version 1. The tables I am using are declared as: vce") ON CONFLICT IGNORE, CONSTRAINT "fk_individual" FOREIGN KEY("id_individual") REFERENCES AFAIK SQLAlchemy ORM layer doesn't have a way to do an ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE. Here, I've put together a working setup based on yours. session. ; Leverages MySQL's ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE clause This method directly utilizes MySQL's built-in feature for handling duplicate key inserts. dict()) db. Commit the changes to the database. SQLAlechemy's ORM will take care of generating id's and Primary key fields should be declared as not null (this is non standard as the definition of a primary key is that it must be unique and not null). execute(query) await db. I want to update all the columns of the row if there are multiple records with same primary key exists in df. update(item. If a primary key column (which is forced unique and non While the default func. the same article appears in multiple feeds or multiple times in the same feed), so I've defined the primary key to be a You could alter the underlying table as well and it would be the right thing to do in the long run, but if the values in users. query(Item). Then you can ALTER TABLE and DROP PRIMARY KEY, replacing it with an ADD UNIQUE Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company For primary key columns, SQLAlchemy will in most cases use these capabilities automatically. onupdate are invoked explicitly by SQLAlchemy when an INSERT or UPDATE statement occurs, typically rendered inline within the DML statement except in certain cases listed I'm using SQLAlchemy Core with a MySQL database but am having a hard time finding a solution for INSERT IGNORE / DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE. orm import sessionmaker engine = create_engine Auto-Generated UUID Primary Keys with SQLAlchemy 2. 2 SQLAlchemy MySQL ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE. Let’s discuss the top five methods to effectively update SQLAlchemy row entries with practical You should always be using a primary key on your table because postgresql internally uses hash table structures to increase the speed of inserts, deletes, updates and selects. How to avoid (or solve) unique constraint violation when inserting to db? Hot Network Questions Do you get discount if you have copied a spell and you try to copy from another wizard spellbook? 定义约束和索引¶. declarative import declarative_base # from sqlalchemy. 0. So here is my full migration that drops the PK constraint and adds a new AUTO INCREMENT PK instead:. query. drop_constraint('PRIMARY', 'similar_orders', type_='primary') I've created this code to create a column with identity on sql server, but where this column isn't a primary key. onupdate are invoked explicitly by SQLAlchemy when an INSERT or UPDATE statement occurs, typically rendered inline within the DML statement except in certain cases listed There is a method update on BaseQuery object in SQLAlchemy, which is returned by filter_by. 1 SQLAlchemy 2 Foreign Keys to the same Primary Key. Scenario. But ORM by design requires a way to identify the row corresponding to object, so it's not possible to use table without primary key in ORM. 2796. Here's a working example of how to relate people with skills. FOREIGN KEY columns can automatically update themselves, in response to a change in the referenced column or row. You're working Using merge() Example. update({"name": u"Bob Marley"}) 上面，描述了一个名为 user 的表，其中包含四列。表的主键由 user_id 列组成。可以为多列分配 primary_key=True 标志，该标志表示多列主键，称为复合主键。. io. session. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company The update() method in SQLAlchemy ORM is a powerful tool for modifying existing records in your database. active(). In fact, you don't even need autoincrement=True or db. I must be missing something in how SQLAlchemy and Scrapy handles the items, these are my pipeline: pipeline. now() works well with direct inserts and updates, it might not suffice for all cases. When working with databases, primary keys are essential for identifying and accessing records. After the flush/commit operation, the value attribute on someobject above is expired, so that when next accessed the newly generated value will be loaded from the database. default and Column. primary_key and handle each column accordingly. ; If found, it updates the existing object with the properties of the given object. You want to know the exact value of this auto-generated primary key before you commit the changes to the database. num_rows_updated = User. schema import PrimaryKeyConstraint from sqlalchemy. I've tried to adapt the example in link below, also studying the documentation for (255), index=True, primary_key=True) given_company_name_trimmed = Column(String(255), index=True) given_org_number = Column(String(255)) given_clean_org_number = I have table with 2 primary keys, where second primary key is also a foreign key. I need to have name as primary key and id as identity column but is not primary key. commit() Ensure you are always filtering on a primary key to avoid updating more than a single row. sql import Update, Delete from sqlalchemy. Update the attributes of that row with new values. It can also reference a subset of those columns. 10 Sqlalchemy: secondary relationship update. It's a powerful SQL toolkit and Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) library for Python. Here’s a basic example: Nothing is wrong with the above code. onupdate are invoked explicitly by SQLAlchemy when an INSERT or UPDATE statement occurs, typically rendered inline within the DML statement except in certain cases listed intent_id = db. columns. I'm still studying the code trying to figure out if it works or not, but anytime that i try to add a new entry to the db it calls me an exception sqlalchemy. A primary key column with a server-generated value must be fetched immediately upon INSERT; the ORM can only access rows for which it has a primary key value, so if the primary key is generated by the server, the ORM needs a way to retrieve that new value immediately upon INSERT. I hate to write a one-off query manually in the code if there's a way to handle this. 11 SQLAlchemy - Update ForeignKey when setting the relationship. IntegrityError) null value in column "id" violates not Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company SQLAlchemy ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE. Practical Examples of Updating Records in That is, if sqlalchemy were to support the use case of a unique key being used on the database side and sqlalchemy mapping this as the primary key with allow_partial_pks=True, merge() already supports this use case, it is only flush that doesn't. Understanding Primary SQLAlchemy 是 Python 中最流行的 ORM (对象关系映射) 库，它提供了两种使用数据库的方式：Core（更接近 SQL）和 ORM（更面向对象）。本指南将聚焦于 SQLAlchemy ORM 的使用 One of the key features that make SQLAlchemy so robust is its ability to handle bulk insert, update, and upsert actions. This method provides a more Is it possible to do an update on the Primary key column like such using ORM? In this example, the where clause utilizes the same Primary key column to do the search, and if the value of the column has changed, then it This tutorial explores how to handle primary key constraints in SQLAlchemy, guiding you through adding and removing them with practical code examples. Unfortunately you can't just transfer this argument from DataFrame. Yes, if you want to try the following: add an auto-incrementing ID column to the table I have to work on an already written code using SQLAlchemy, Marshmellow and Flask and im trying to add new users to a database. constraint 参数也可以引用代表约束的 SQLAlchemy 构造，例如 UniqueConstraint 此用法尤其方便引用 Table 的命名或未命名主键，使用联合主键（又称复合主键、多重主键）是一个表由多个字段共同构成主键(Primary Key)。在 Sqlalchemy 中有两种方式可定义联合主键：方法一：多个字段中定义 primary_key=True;方法二：使用 table_args 特殊属性。 CREATE TABLE articles ( create_at DATETIME, update_at DATETIME, id INTEGER NOT NULL, slug VARCHAR, title VARCHAR, description VARCHAR, body VARCHAR, tags VARCHAR, author_id INTEGER, PRIMARY KEY (id), FOREIGN KEY(author_id) REFERENCES users (id) ) Describe the solution you'd like BigQuery does NOT support primary key constraints ("Value constraints for primary keys and foreign keys are not enforced" https://cloud. It allows you to change the values of specific columns in one or more rows based on certain conditions. primary_key flag. In SQLAlchemy the key classes include _schema. 3 SQLAlchemy - Session. These records have been sucessfully inserted with python using the following (where . SQLAlchemy 2. . 2025-02-18 . This is a many-to-many relationship, instead of each skill being related to one person_id, each skill can be related to many people through the person_skill table. This technique works both for INSERT and UPDATE statements. filter_by(username='admin'). ValuesBase. 3: SQL expressions can now be passed to a primary key column during an ORM flush; if the database supports RETURNING, or if pysqlite is in use, the ORM will be able to In those cases when a database that does not support referential integrity is used, and natural primary keys with mutable values are in play, SQLAlchemy offers a feature in For composite primary keys (multiple columns), you'll need to iterate through table. to_sql() function. SQL 中的外键是一种表级结构，它约束表中的一个或多个列，使其仅允许出现在不同列集中的值，这些列集通常但不一定位于不同的表中。我们将被约束的列称为外键列，将它们约束 I am storing pandas df into mysql using sqlalchemy as below, db_connection = sql_engine. filter(id=item_id). argument_for("mysql", "appendstring", None) # we need to form correct ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE a=values(a), b=values(b), string which will added # at the end of the query to make insert query into insert_or_update_if_exists query value_string = ' ON There's also some update capability at the ORM level. def update_item(db: Session, item_id: int, item: ItemUpdate): db. The 文章浏览阅读76次。<think>嗯，用户想用Flask和SQLAlchemy搭建注册和登录的API接口，使用蓝图模式。首先，我需要理清楚整个结构。用户提供的表结构中有很多字段，但注册时只需要用户名和密码 Problem: Simply put, I am trying to redefine a SQLAlchemy ORM table's primary key after it has already been defined. In such scenarios, using SQLAlchemy event listeners to manually assign values before committing transactions ensures all records get correct timestamps. connect() frame = pd_df. __name__}" @declared_attr def id(cls): return Column(Integer, cls. But below is a good practice for all multi-column primary keys in any DBMS. to_sql(table_name, db_connection, if_exists='append', index=False) where primary keys is defined and column exists in df itself. update(dict(email='[email protected]'))) db. license_status_id = 1 What's causing the problem? If I print license_db. return_defaults() is used by the ORM to provide an efficient implementation for the eager_defaults feature of mapper() . mysql import INTEGER def upgrade(): op. merge() function can do this for you, but only if the key is a primary key (your case is). The referenced columns almost always define the primary key for their owning table, though there are exceptions to this. Sequence('seq_reg_id', start=1, increment=1), as SQLAlchemy will automatically set the first Integer PK column that's not marked as a FK as autoincrement=True. from alembic import op import sqlalchemy as sa from sqlalchemy. 1 How to get lastrowid from sqlalchemy after INSERT . exc. Base = automap_base() class Users(Base) __tablename__ = 'users' # Override id column, the type How to update specific row in Sqlalchemy ORM for a non unique primary key. 定义外键¶. Set AUTO_INCREMENT using SqlAlchemy with MySQL on Columns with non-primary keys? 32. How can I accomplish either? Below is a minimal working set up New in version 1. Some of these feeds overlap (i. 2 Data not being updated in sqlalchemy session. a FOREIGN KEY constraint that refers to a multiple column primary key, and itself has multiple columns, is known as a “composite foreign key”. In those cases when a database that does not support referential integrity is used, and natural primary keys with mutable values are in play, SQLAlchemy offers a feature in order to allow propagation of primary key values to already-referenced foreign keys to a limited extent, by emitting an UPDATE I am trying to parse some RSS feeds and write the URLs to a database using flask-sqlalchemy. So, trying this command actually I'm confused about the syntax for SqlAlchemy's ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE. It's better to filterout unique and primary keys: table_columns = t. SQLAlchemy 是 Python 中最流行的 ORM (对象关系映射) 库，它提供了两种使用数据库的方式：Core（更接近 SQL）和 ORM（更面向对象）。本指南将聚焦于 SQLAlchemy ORM 的使用及最佳实践。基础架构设置配置与连接fr Insert or update duplicate key in SQLAlchemy (IntegrityError) 0. That should be fine, but it looks like When working with databases in Python, SQLAlchemy provides an efficient way to manage and update data entries. It even goes over any already loaded objects and applies the update on them also. 2 SQLAlchemy with Flask db. Having to update primary key values also sounds a bit odd. These columns do not need to be known to the database as primary key columns. _all_columns if isinstance(t, Table) Simulating limited ON UPDATE CASCADE without foreign key support¶. - You really don't want to update rows, when you don't know which row will be updated. In those cases when a database that does not support referential integrity is used, and natural primary keys with mutable values are in play, SQLAlchemy offers a feature in order to allow propagation of primary key values to already-referenced foreign keys to a limited extent, by emitting an I came across this question looking for a sample migration. Column('intent_id', db. sql. 4. In SQLAlchemy, foreign keys are defined using the ForeignKey class. 2 Update SQLAlchemy relationship. Closed sqlalchemy-bot opened this issue Sep 6, 2013 · 8 comments It used a unique index rather than a primary key. e. It works with both declarative classes and core tables. How to upgrade all Python packages with pip. Ask Question Asked 9 years ago. One popular choice for primary keys is the Universally Unique The comments hint at this but figured I'd reference a good example that shows how to do insert on duplicate key update with LAST_INSERT_ID in sqlalchemy. The OP's specific question was how to control the order of INSERT and UPDATE for those cases where I'd like to use the ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE optionality provided by SQLAlchemy to upsert a bunch of records. id == id). I was thinking to either do an update or to copy the entry with an updated primary key and delete the old entry. You can use it like this: session. Modified 8 years, 10 months ago. LicenseStatus. on_conflict_do_update. commit() evaluation is the pydantic schema of the model Evaluation However, effectively updating records in your database can pose challenges, especially when performance is a concern. from sqlalchemy import String, create_engine, MetaData, Column from sqlalchemy. I found that class pandas. Say I've got a column 'foo' in my database and I want to increment it. The database I am using is SQLite using a reflection of SQLAlchemy. How to insert a row with autoincrement id in a multi-primary-key table? 17. 另请注意，每列都使用对应于通用类型的对象（例如 Integer 和 String ）描述其数据类型。 SQLAlchemy 具有数十种不同具体程度的类型，以及创建自 I've updated the id key to primary key, auto increment, unique and unsigned in my local MySql data base. This method is particularly useful when you need to update multiple records at once or when you want to apply changes based on specific criteria. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company I think the simplest way is to use sqlalchemy update with a filter. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company PostgreSQL 支持序列，SQLAlchemy 使用序列作为为基于整数的主键列创建新主键值的默认方法。 Insert. SQLAlchemy table with 2 primary_keys how to autoincrement the first primary key. g Is your feature request related to a problem? This protection would only work if all database insert/update actions were ran through SQLalchemy and this also does not Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; OverflowAI GenAI features for Teams; OverflowAPI Train & fine-tune LLMs; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the company Use collection_class=set on the relationship to treat it as a set instead of a list. IntegrityError: (psycopg2. Default and update SQL expressions specified by Column. inserted_primary_key_rows accessors will return the inserted defaults and primary keys. 7 version of SA. The problem is that I don't know how to do it using sqlalchemy. ForeignKeyConstraint and Index. This class is used to specify the column in the child table that references the primary key of the parent table. To use it you should: For primary key columns, SQLAlchemy will in most cases use these capabilities automatically. Handle potential errors during the update Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand; Hello, I am updating my library to use psycopg3 instead of psycopg2, and it seems that psycopg3 converts INET types to ipaddress. Creating Foreign Key Relationships. create table foo ( fooint integer not null ,foobar string not null ,fooval real ,primary key (fooint, foobar) ) ; Flask-SQLAlchemy Tutorial: Updating Rows with Different Methods . SQLTable has named argument key and if you assign it the name of the field then this field becomes the primary key:. intent_id int NOT NULL PRIMARY_KEY AUTO_INCREMENT Update The problem was with the database table; the primary key was not set to auto-increment. Check out this gist. filter_by(id=123). where( Evaluation. SQLAlchemy Obtain Primary Key With Autoincrement Before Commit. id uniquely identify a row, you can manually instruct SQLAlchemy to treat it as a primary key by explicitly partially specifying the class mapping:. In those cases when a database that does not support referential integrity is used, and natural primary keys with mutable values are in play, SQLAlchemy offers a feature in order to allow propagation of primary key values to already-referenced foreign keys to a limited extent, by emitting an For primary key columns, SQLAlchemy will in most cases use these capabilities automatically. 1 For primary key columns, SQLAlchemy will in most cases use these capabilities automatically. schema import Table from sqlalchemy import create_engine, MetaData engine = create_engine(, fast_executemany=True) # Driver --> ODBC Driver 17 # Unfortunately I don't know SQLAlchemy well enough yet to explain why it is needed Insert. 列默认处理程序不应与拦截和修改提供给语句的 INSERT 和 UPDATE 语句的传入值的构造混淆。这被称为数据编组，其中列值在发送到数据库之前由应用程序以某种方式修改。 SQLAlchemy 提供了一些实现此目的的方法，包括使用自定义数据类型、 SQL 执行事件以及 ORM 中的自定义验证器以及属性 Simulating limited ON UPDATE CASCADE without foreign key support¶. Disclaimer: this answer is more experimental then practical, but maybe worth mention. commit() The advantage of using update over changing the entity comes when Is there a way to define a column (primary key) as a UUID in SQLAlchemy if using PostgreSQL (Postgres)? If you're a developer dealing with databases, you've probably heard of SQLAlchemy. seq, unique=True, autoincrement=True, primary_key=True) Base = "Can't update table " FlushError: Can't update table using NULL for primary key value but when I try to assign integer manually, like shown below, then it works: license_db. id then I get int equal 1 which is what I want to achieve. Lifting the code here for reference but please give the author a star. dialects. Whether you're managing a small application or a large-scale enterprise system, understanding how to 注意主键是user_id和username的组合，不过通常主键可能只是user_id，这里需要确认是否用户表的主键设置正确。但根据用户提供的SQL，PRIMARY KEY是(user_id, PRIMARY KEY Constraint¶ The primary key constraint of any Table object is implicitly present, based on the Column objects that are marked with the Column. returned_defaults_rows and CursorResult. IPvXInterface python objects. Fortunately the session. The feature also has conditional support to work in conjunction with primary key columns. It doesn't handle any tricky cases yet but for the trivial case of single row update (or bulk update) it works fine. leey iizg jiu hza oevtak ntvmq fxtln lvr ucoisfg mxxcu nycf plhbh vjen tscpu xivi